Publication
Mosasaur tails reveal which ancient ocean predators were built for surprise attacks
Fossil- based models suggest Platecarpus and Tylosaurus could launch faster lunges for their body size than Mosasaurus and Plotosaurus. A scaled model of a particularly large Tylosaurus reached an estimated 15 mph after one tail stroke under selected...
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The Jurassic Period's ‘top predator’ was smaller than a house cat
A 165- million- year- old fossil reveals a half- meter- long mammal relative adapted for hunting in water. Its skull and throat bones suggest a swallowing system with features important for drinking and suckling. The soft palate and muscles were...
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67,800 year- old cave wall hand stencil offers clues to Australia’s first settlement
A fragmentary hand stencil on Indonesia’s Muna Island has a minimum age of 67,800 years, the oldest reported minimum for cave art. Mineral deposits reveal painting episodes at Liang Metanduno separated by at least 35,000 years. Researchers link the art...
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Canadian analysis weighs the health trade- offs of permanent standard time versus daylight saving…
A Canadian medical analysis concludes that health evidence favors permanent standard time over permanent daylight saving time. Morning light helps regulate body clocks, while later winter sunrises may worsen sleep disruption and seasonal mood problems....
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Underwater umbrellas reduce bleaching in heatstressed coral reefs
Underwater shades reduced paling in two brain coral species during the Florida Keys’ secondhighest recorded summer heat stress. The structures blocked 60% of incoming light, easing an added source of stress without cooling the water. No bleaching-...
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Study of 90,000 spinal neurons links a small cell group to walking speed
A molecular atlas of 89,494 mouse spinal neurons revealed 14 distinct groups within V1 interneurons, cells involved in coordinating movement. Loss of one small V1 subgroup was associated with slower rhythmic locomotion without the excessive limb...
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Floating scarecrows help keep diving seabirds out of fishing nets
Floating eye- pattern buoys and predator- shaped kites reduced the odds of catching guillemots and razorbills in a Cornish gillnet trial. Boat- mounted monitoring systems recorded 1,057 net deployments, allowing comparisons with fishing gear carrying...
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Asgard archaea study reveals new insights into the evolution of complex life
Researchers have filmed living Asgard archaea crawling across surfaces using rapidly growing and retracting protrusions, revealing a form of cellular movement strikingly reminiscent of eukaryotic cells. Experiments with two different Asgard lineages...
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Coastal dinosaurs may have been beachcombers, eating seafood that washed up on ancient beaches
Fossil teeth from several Cretaceous coastal ecosystems contain carbon isotope signatures that are significantly higher than those from inland sites, suggesting marine resources entered dinosaur food webs. The pattern appears across herbivorous...
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The skull may be an active part of the brain’s immune defense
Mouse skull bone marrow contains lymph node- like immune hubs that can respond quickly to brain cancer signals. These skull- based immune structures help B cells make antibodies and appear to act before distant lymph nodes respond. The findings could...
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Saturn's moon Enceladus offers new clues in the search for alien life
Cassini measurements of 961 salt- rich ice grains show that salts from Enceladus’s ocean often become separated into chemically distinct particles rather than remaining evenly mixed. Laboratory experiments indicate that relatively large ocean droplets...
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Supermassive black holes leave a glowing trail far beyond their host galaxies
Astronomers found a strong H- alpha glow from cool ionized gas only along the directions of radio jets launched by supermassive black holes, revealing a highly directional effect extending deep into galactic halos. The signal appeared in stacked...
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Saturn’s icy moon Enceladus may make alien life easier to find than scientists thought
Cassini data and laboratory freezing experiments suggest that ocean droplets escaping from Enceladus slowly separate salts, organics and other dissolved materials before shattering into tiny ice grains, potentially concentrating biosignatures into...
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Playing alone does not necessarily mean feeling lonely, gaming study finds
A survey of 2,252 adults found that people who played The Legend of Zelda: Breath of the Wild or Yoshi’s Crafted World reported less loneliness and higher scores on a measure of stoicism than nonplayers. The researchers propose that open- world...
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Ozone layer recovery comes with an unexpected climate consequence
Ozone changes could add about 0.268 watts of warming influence per square meter between 2015 and 2050 under a high- pollution climate scenario, about 40% more than earlier estimates. Roughly half of that projected warming comes from recovery of the...
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Blood test detects breast cancer more than a year before scans
A personalized blood test called Pathlight detected circulating tumor DNA a median of 13.8 months before metastatic breast cancer became clinically visible, with some warning signals appearing nearly four years earlier. The study followed 136 patients...
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Lifestyle choices can outweigh genetic risk for type 2 diabetes
In a study of more than 332,000 UK adults, people with the least healthy lifestyles were nearly seven times more likely to develop Type 2 diabetes than those with the healthiest habits. High genetic risk increased diabetes risk about 2.6- fold, but...
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Which came first, the chicken or the egg? Evolution has a surprisingly clear answer
From an evolutionary perspective, eggs existed hundreds of millions of years before chickens, appearing in animal lineages long before birds evolved. The idea of a single “first chicken” is misleading because species emerge gradually as genetic...
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Stellar destruction reveals a universal rule for black hole jet formation
Supermassive black holes appear to launch delayed radio jets when their feeding rate falls to about 2% of the Eddington limit, matching a threshold already measured around stellar- mass black holes. The team reconstructed 11 radio outflows from 10...
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Natural compound linked to pomegranates improves heart function in preclinical tests
Urolithin A, a compound the body can make after eating foods such as pomegranates, improved heart relaxation in preclinical tests. The compound activated a protein called PKGIα, which helps blood vessels and heart muscle relax. The findings are not...
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Seven new diamond frog species reveal Madagascar’s hidden biodiversity
Scientists have described seven new species of Madagascar’s secretive diamond frogs, increasing the known genus Rhombophryne from 20 to 27 species. Researchers combined modern specimens with DNA recovered from decades- old museum material, frog calls,...
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JWST finds evidence that Chariklo’s rings are changing faster than astronomers expected
James Webb Space Telescope observations show Chariklo’s inner ring has become markedly more opaque while its fainter outer ring appears less opaque than in earlier occultations. JWST’s unusually slow passage relative to Chariklo provided spatial...
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Smart nanocoating slows rust corrosion by more than 600 times
Researchers built pH- sensitive nanocontainers that store a corrosion inhibitor inside waterborne polyurethane and release much more of it when local chemistry signals corrosion. The strongest formulation reached a corrosion rate of 0.0000372...
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First Diplodocus found outside North America rewrites dinosaur migration history
Fourteen tail vertebrae from eastern Spain provide the first confirmed evidence that Diplodocus lived outside North America about 150 million years ago. Anatomical comparisons and multiple evolutionary analyses consistently placed the Spanish specimen...
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Zika vaccine tweak triggered an unexpected immune defense
A modified Zika vaccine protected mice almost entirely through virus- killing CD8 T cells when its antibodies failed to neutralize mature virus effectively. The T- cell protection worked shortly after vaccination but disappeared by 12 weeks, while a...
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Elephant- skin tiles could help buildings stay cool without air conditioning
Researchers have developed elephant- skin- inspired cement tiles that use microscopic pores and deliberately engineered cracks to capture, redistribute and slowly evaporate water for passive cooling. In building- scale tests, temperatures beneath the...
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A missing super- Earth may have been swallowed up by the Sun billions of years ago
New solar- evolution models suggest the young Sun may have swallowed a rocky super- Earth, leaving a chemical fingerprint beneath its convection zone that could still affect the Sun’s internal structure today. The best- fitting models favor an engulfed...
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New electronic skin sensor detects touch, pressure and nearby objects
Researchers at Hanyang University developed a compact dual- gate tribotronic transistor that can detect touch, pressure and nearby objects while allowing its sensitivity to be tuned electrically. The vertically stacked design reduces sensor size and...
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Tiny DNA fragments reveal two extinct Galápagos tortoise lineages
DNA from museum tortoise bones with as little as 0.008× genome coverage was enough to recover evolutionary relationships that conventional analyses could miss. The analysis supports distinct extinct giant tortoise lineages on San Cristóbal and Santa...
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Minimally invasive laser surgery may offer new hope for brain tumor patients
A prospective registry of 787 patients treated with laser interstitial thermal therapy, or LITT, found that survival was strongly associated with how completely tumors were ablated and, for some lesions, how small they were when treated. Among patients...
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A six- inch fossil just rewrote a major chapter of mammal evolution
A remarkably complete fossil of a newly identified mammal, Tamirkhan balcarceli, shows that zhelestids belonged with zalambdalestoids rather than representing early relatives of modern placental mammals. The fossil combines the distinctive rounded...
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Inside the Dodo's skull, scientists found a bird unlike any living pigeon
CT scans and digital endocasts of rare dodo skulls suggest the extinct bird had a brain broadly comparable in relative size to living pigeons, challenging its centuries- old reputation as unusually simple. The dodo combined relatively large eye sockets...
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‘Shape- shifting’ quantum computer uses light to switch between different tasks
Imperial College London researchers developed a modular photonic processor called Clavina that combines programmable linear optical circuits with nonlinear quantum modules in one reconfigurable architecture. The system demonstrated 100- mode Gaussian...
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Massive offshore wind farms could shift rainfall across Europe’s coasts
Very large offshore wind farm clusters could increase rain over the sea while reducing rain in nearby coastal regions. Turbines slow wind and stir the lower atmosphere, which can change how moist air rises, cools and moves toward land. The work does...
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New blood test measures beta- amyloid seeding to identify Alzheimer’s disease
A blood test that measures beta- amyloid “seeding” distinguished Alzheimer’s disease and Alzheimer’s- related mild cognitive impairment from comparison groups with strong accuracy. The assay uses ultrasound to amplify tiny amounts of misfolded amyloid,...
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Study finds a surprising link between fertility and a women’s desire for luxury
Women near ovulation showed greater interest in visible luxury products across three studies, including larger designer logos and stronger preferences for publicly displayed luxury brands. The pattern weakened or disappeared when luxury would be...
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New Alzheimer’s genetic score improves risk prediction across ancestry groups
A new Alzheimer’s polygenic risk score combines genetic information from multiple ancestry groups and predicts disease more consistently than scores built mainly from European ancestry data. Higher genetic risk was linked to poorer memory, smaller...
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A falling quantum object just passed a century- old test of Einstein’s gravity
Physicists have directly measured a long- predicted quantum phase acquired when an atomic wave packet falls freely under gravity while a second part remains stationary relative to Earth. The measured phase matches the prediction obtained when...
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Ancient English supervolcano blasted ash across northern Europe 454 million years ago
A buried volcanic complex beneath eastern England may be the long- sought source of the enormous Kinnekulle ash layer spread across northern Europe. Zircon crystals from boreholes 65 kilometers apart date major activity to about 454.4 million years...
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Strange behavior in focused laser light could change how quantum computers control qubits
Physicists have directly observed the optical Magnus effect for the first time by mapping how a tightly focused laser interacts with a single trapped calcium ion. The strongest atom- light interaction shifted sideways by several hundred nanometers...
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50- year hunt for glueballs closes in on mysterious X( 2370) particle
Physicists say the mysterious X( 2370) particle contains the strongest evidence yet for a glueball, an exotic state made predominantly from gluons. Its mass, quantum properties, unusual decay behavior and lack of clear quark flavor all match major...
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Quantum coherence links quantum engines with classical thermodynamics
A tiny quantum machine can release light that is not simply wasted heat; some of that energy may still be useful for doing work. University of Basel physicists found that separating orderly, coherent light from noisy fluctuations allows quantum...
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2- kiloparsec trail of stars could reveal how dark matter shapes galaxies
A thin ribbon of stars around the ultra- diffuse galaxy UGC 9050- Dw1 may be the first globularcluster stellar stream identified beyond the Milky Way. Its shape allowed astronomers to reconstruct the galaxy’s gravity and estimate how much dark matter...
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Space habitat design could shape astronaut mental health on Mars missions
Space habitats may need to protect astronauts’ mental and social wellbeing, not just shield them from physical hazards.An MIT-led team mapped how design choices such as lighting, privacy, layout, and reconfigurable spaces connect with stress, sleep,...
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Europe's catastrophic 'flood of the millennium' in 1342 wasn't a single event
Europe’s famous 1342 St. Mary Magdalene’s Flood was part of a much larger disaster, with 16 major floods striking the continent from 1341 through 1343.Volcanic eruptions, shrinking Arctic sea ice and shifts in atmospheric circulation may have helped...
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JWST finds water around a dying star near the Milky Way’s central black hole
A giant aging star near the Milky Way’s central black hole is shedding enormous amounts of gas and dust, roughly an Earth’s mass every 18 days.James Webb Space Telescope observations show the star is oxygen-rich and surrounded by several dusty shells...
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Faith, purpose, and healthier digital habits linked to better mental health
Religiosity was linked with fewer mental health and addiction problems, but much of that advantage was tied to a stronger sense of purpose and healthier digital habits. People reporting more meaning in life, less social media use, and less exposure to...
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New Thai lizard named after Syrax, Queen Rhaenyra's dragon from House of the Dragon
A small mountain lizard found high in western Thailand has been named Acanthosaura syrax after the dragon Syrax from House of the Dragon.Its tiny neck and back crests, unusual coloring and DNA separate it from every other known mountain horned...
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Generations of breeding changed how dogs’ brains process human communication
Selective breeding appears to have broadly reshaped the brain networks dogs use to process human voices, words and other communication. Intensive service-dog training produced more focused changes in pathways involved in understanding cues and carrying...
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Genetically engineered beagles could bring relief to millions of dog allergy sufferers
Two gene-edited beagles, Alfie and Bailey, were bred without detectable Can f 1, the major dog allergen, in their saliva or dander.CRISPR-Cas9 disrupted the gene that produces Can f 1, while genetic testing found no detectable unintended edits at the...
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AI-Powered robot learns to walk, run, and jump on its own
KAIST researchers developed a four-legged robot that can independently choose whether to walk, run, or jump as terrain changes, eliminating the need to switch between separate control programs.The system, called Action Pretrained Transformer-based...
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Deadly poisons in wolfsbane and larkspur linked to pain relief, malaria and cancer therapy
Wolfsbane and larkspur make powerful chemicals linked to pain relief, malaria, cancer and pest control, but some are also dangerous neurotoxins.Researchers identified six enzymes that let the plants build an important compound called atisinium, then...
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Extinct ice age toad found at La Brea Tar Pits rewrites Los Angeles’ climate history
Fossils from La Brea Tar Pits belong to a newly identified extinct spadefoot toad, the first extinct amphibian recorded at the site.The toad’s anatomy, larger body size and disappearance offer clues about environmental changes near the end of the Ice...
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Engineering students build USC Football a smarter play-by-play archive to sharpen game strategy
USC Viterbi students and alumni are organizing 10 years of play-by-play college football data into one searchable system for USC Football.The database will help analysts spend less time preparing information and more time testing strategies, comparing...
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Scientists discover rare new monkey species in the Congo rainforest
Scientists confirmed a new monkey species, Colobus congoensis, in the Democratic Republic of Congo after more than a decade of fieldwork, anatomical comparisons, genetic testing, and local collaboration. Known locally as the Likweli, the rare primate...
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New quantum chip design uses phonons to link distant qubits
Researchers proposed Quantum Phononic Links, which use sound-like vibrations called phonons to transmit quantum information between distant qubits on a semiconductor chip.The architecture combines hole spin qubits with strained germanium on silicon,...
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JWST captures stunning images of one of the lightest known exoplanets
Astronomers discovered Beta Pictoris d, a gas giant about 2.4 times Jupiter’s mass, after spotting it in VLT data and tracing it through 11 years of archived observations.The planet is roughly 100 times fainter than Beta Pictoris b, making it one of...
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Rare meteorite crashes into New Jersey home revealing clues to the origin of life
A meteorite crashed through a New Jersey home in July 2024, allowing scientists to recover unusually pristine fragments from an ancient asteroid.The rare CM1/2 carbonaceous chondrite preserved evidence of salty liquid water, mineral reactions, carbon...
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Study finds universal rules behind how languages reuse words
A simple act like naming an object or describing a feeling may seem effortless, yet it reflects a deeper pattern shared across human languages. A new international study led by researchers at Universitat Pompeu Fabra has found that nearly 2,000...
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Brain-inspired AI model adapts and plans without massive data centers
Researchers developed a brain-inspired AI model that uses cognitive maps, controlled randomness, and reusable information to solve problems without testing every possible path.The system adapted to changing conditions without retraining and...
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FAU scientists discover that shark spines are not one-size-fits-all
A shark’s spine looks simple from the outside. Inside, however, it carries a carefully arranged network of mineral plates and branches. That hidden structure helps determine whether a shark races through open water, turns sharply, or swings an...
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2,700 year-old Italian cemetery reveals how status, gender, and diet impacted people's lives
Scientists studied bones from 148 people buried nearly 2,700 years ago in an Italian cemetery to see what they ate and where they came from.People buried with fancy items like amber jewelry or weapons didn’t actually eat better than people buried more...
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University of Melbourne start-up has developed a new, cutting-edge bionic prosthetic
Many people stop using prosthetic arms because they are heavy, uncomfortable, difficult to control, or unable to adjust when the body changes.Meablex combines a lightweight 3D-printed hand with a socket that users can tighten or loosen...
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Scientists discover six types of nanoplastics polluting Antarctica's soil for the first time
Nanoplastics appeared in more than half of the Antarctic topsoil sites tested, and some were also found deeper underground.The particles may come from nearby research activity, distant regions through the air, or plastics released from snow, ice and...
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New study challenges existing knowledge for why galaxies stop forming stars
Most galaxy collisions do not cause galaxies to stop making new stars. A galaxy’s central black hole and its slow, long-term growth appear more important than sudden cosmic crashes.The findings suggest galaxies usually fade gradually because they lose...
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